models.py

from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.core import files

from taggit.managers import TaggableManager
from newspaper import Article as ArticleParser, ArticleException
from django_fsm import FSMField, transition, RETURN_VALUE

from io import BytesIO
from datetime import datetime

from rp.utils import cleanup_url


ARTICLE_SCORE_THRESHOLD = 3

STATUS_CHOICES = (
    ("NEW", _("New")),
    ("DRAFT", _("Draft")),
    ("PUBLISHED", _("Published")),
    ("REJECTED", _("Rejected"))
)

LANG_CHOICES = (
    ("FR", _("French")),
    ("EN", _("English")),
    ("NA", _("Other"))
)

URL_HELP_TEXT = """The URL should not contain any marketing tags. We
automatically strip the most known tags."""

TITLE_HELP_TEXT = """Please remove non-necessary parts such as newspapers'
names and leave only the article title."""

EXTRACTS_HELP_TEXT = """Please select short and helpful extracts from the
article content. You should aim at around 500 characters. Use bracket ellipsis
[…] to cut parts not required to understand the context."""


class Article(models.Model):
    #: Logical state (eg. article submitted, published, or rejected)
    # This is unprotected because superuser should be able to change
    # the status from the django admin interface
    status = FSMField(default='NEW', choices=STATUS_CHOICES)

    #: Original URL
    url = models.URLField("URL", help_text=URL_HELP_TEXT)

    #: Language of the webpage
    lang = models.CharField(
        _("Language"), choices=LANG_CHOICES, default="NA", max_length=50)

    #: Plain-text Opengraph metadata
    metadata = models.TextField(
        _("Opengraph metadata"), blank=True, null=True)

    #: Screenshot or banner image for the original webpage
    screenshot = models.ImageField(
        _("Article screenshot"), blank=True, null=True)

    #: Article title
    title = models.CharField(
        _("Article title"), max_length=255, default="",
        help_text=TITLE_HELP_TEXT)

    #: Short name for the website (eg. "NY Times")
    website = models.CharField(_("Website"), max_length=255, default="")

    #: Short content extracts (eg. two to three paragraphs)
    extracts = models.TextField(
        _("Content extracts"), blank=True, null=True,
        help_text=EXTRACTS_HELP_TEXT)

    #: First submission date
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(_("Creation date"), auto_now_add=True)

    #: Name of the user who first submitted the article
    created_by = models.CharField(max_length=255, null=True)

    #: Last update date
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(_("Last update"), auto_now=True)

    #: Published date
    published_at = models.DateTimeField(
        _("Publication date"), blank=True, null=True)

    #: original state (error code when trying to fetch datas)
    original_status = models.IntegerField(_("Original status"), default="200")

    #: priority: True if article have priority
    priority = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    #: List of tags used to add subject and topics to an article
    tags = TaggableManager(blank=True)

    #: Score of the article, modifiedby upvote and downvote methods
    score = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    #: If the publication is "archived" (not visible by default from the public
    #: feeds), this flag is set to True
    archive = models.BooleanField(_("Article archived"), default=False)

    #: If the article is quoting something LQDN said or wrote
    quote = models.BooleanField(_("Article directly quotes us"),
                                default=False)

    #: If the article speaks about something LQDN did or wrote
    speak = models.BooleanField(_("Article speaks of us"), default=False)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = _("Article")
        verbose_name_plural = _("Articles")

        permissions = (
            ("can_change_status", "Can change article status"),
            ("can_change_priority", "Can change article priority"),
            ("can_vote", "Can vote articles"),
            ("can_edit", "Can edit articles")
        )

        #: By default, sort articles by published, updated, or created date
        ordering = ["-published_at", "-updated_at", "-created_at"]

    def __str__(self):
        """ Returns article title. """
        return self.title

    # Finite state logic
    @transition(field=status, source='DRAFT', target='PUBLISHED',
                permission="rp.can_change_status")
    def publish(self):
        """ Publish a complete draft. """
        self.published_at = datetime.now()

    @transition(field=status, source=['NEW', 'REJECTED'], target='DRAFT',
                permission="rp.can_change_status")
    def recover(self):
        """ Force an article to be considered as _DRAFT_. """
        pass

    @transition(field=status, source=['NEW', 'DRAFT'], target='REJECTED',
                permission="rp.can_change_status")
    def reject(self):
        """ Manual rejection of the article. """
        pass

    @transition(field=status, source='DRAFT', target='DRAFT',
                permission="rp.can_change_priority")
    def set_priority(self):
        """ Set the boolean priority of an article to True.
        The article must be a _DRAFT_"""
        self.priority = True

    @transition(field=status, source='DRAFT', target='DRAFT',
                permission="rp.can_change_priority")
    def unset_priority(self):
        """ Set the boolean priority of an article to False. 
        The article must be a _DRAFT_."""
        self.priority = False

    @transition(field=status, source='DRAFT', target='DRAFT')
    @transition(field=status, source='NEW',
                target=RETURN_VALUE('NEW', 'DRAFT'), permission="rp.can_vote")
    def upvote(self):
        """
        Upvote the article score for the given user and remove previous votes.
        If the score crosses the threshold ```ARTICLE_SCORE_THRESHOLD```,
        automatically moves the article from _NEW_ to _DRAFT_.
        """
        self.score += 1
        if self.score >= ARTICLE_SCORE_THRESHOLD:
            return 'DRAFT'
        else:
            return self.status

    @transition(field=status, source='NEW', target='NEW',
                permission="rp.can_vote")
    @transition(field=status, source='DRAFT', target='DRAFT',
                permission="rp.can_vote")
    def downvote(self, by=None):
        """
        Downvote the article score for the given user and remove previous
        votes. Draft articles can be downvoted but will not be moved back in
        the _NEW_ queue.
        """
        self.score -= 1

    @classmethod
    def add_new_url(by=None, **data):
        """ Manually add a new article from its URL.
        Verify if the article has not been submitted before and automatically
        upvote for the given user if applicable.
        """
        import requests

        url = cleanup_url(data.pop('url', None))
        tags = data.pop('tags', None)
        (article, created) = Article.objects.get_or_create(url=url,
                                                           defaults=data)

        # Always upvote the article, except if it was rejected before.
        # It's either a new one, and adding it count as a vote, or it existed
        # already, and this is a vote.
        if article.status == "REJECTED":
            return None
        article.upvote()

        # Let's add the tags
        if tags:
            article.tags.add(*tags)
            article.save()
        try:
            r = requests.get(url, timeout=0.5)
            article.original_status = r.status_code
        except Exception:
            # If the domain name can't be found, we're not even getting into
            # the HTTP protocol So, let's get a specific status for that,
            # one that can be easily identified.
            article.original_status = 600

        article.url = url
        article.save()
        article.refresh_from_db()
        return article

    # Content extraction
    def fetch_content(self):
        if self.lang != "NA":
            article = ArticleParser(url=self.url, language=self.lang.lower())
        else:
            article = ArticleParser(url=self.url)

        if self.original_status >= 400:
            return

        article.download(request_timeout=1)
        try:
            article.throw_if_not_downloaded_verbose()
        except ArticleException:
            self.original_status = 400
            self.save()
            return

        article.parse()
        self.title = article.title
        self.extracts = article.text
        self.save()

    def fetch_metadata(self):
        import opengraph_py3 as og

        if self.original_status < 400:
            metadata = og.OpenGraph(url=self.url, )
            self.metadata = metadata.to_json()
            self.save()

    def fetch_image(self):
        import requests
        import imghdr

        if self.lang != "NA":
            article = ArticleParser(url=self.url, language=self.lang.lower())
        else:
            article = ArticleParser(url=self.url)

        if self.original_status >= 400:
            return

        article.download()
        try:
            article.throw_if_not_downloaded_verbose()
        except ArticleException:
            self.original_status = 400
            self.save()
            return

        article.parse()

        img_path = article.meta_img
        if img_path:
            resp = requests.get(img_path, stream=True)
            if resp.status_code == requests.codes.ok:
                fp = BytesIO()
                fp.write(resp.content)

                file_name_ext = imghdr.what(None, resp.content)
                self.screenshot.save(
                    "screenshot-{0}.{1}".format(self.id, file_name_ext),
                    files.File(fp), save=True)